Manufacture of eye-bars



.MANUPAGTUE 0F EYB BARS.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

JOSEPH HSPRINGER, SR.,HOF BITISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

`ivnmuFncTuRt: oF EYE-BARS.

SPECIFICATION forming" part of Letters Patent No. 270,143, dated January 2, 1883.

` VApplication filed September 13, 1882. (No model.)

To all lwhmntt may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH H. SPRINGER,

Sr., a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, countyof Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented ordiscovered anew and useful Improvementin the Manufacture of Eye- Bars; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, concise, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accom panying drawings, making a part of this specilication, in whichlike letters indicating .like parts- Figures l, 2, and 3 are similar plan views of parts or blanks used in carrying'out my invention. Fig. 4 illustrates the manner of uniting theblanks Figs. l and 2; and Fig. 5 is a pery specti ve view, illustrativeof the manner of unitl expediente have been resorted ing the blanks shown in Fig. 3 to the blank Fig.4.

One of the requirements usually provided for eye-bars to be used for structural purposes is that the head oreye shall have greater .strength than the intermediate bar, so that Awhen tested breakage shall be in the bar proper or shaft, and not in or` at the head. Great difficulty has been experienced in practice in meeting this requirement, and various to by rolling, piling, and upsettiug,to overcome the diiculty without undue increase in expense of manufacture.

The purpose of my invention is to provide a cheap and practicableeway of securing the requisite strength in the head or eye ofsuch bars without the necessary use of powerful and costly machinery.

ln carrying out my invention a wrought-iron bar, A, Fig. l, of the desired form, length, and area of section, is provided by rolling in the usual Way. One or both ends of such bar are given a rounded form, as at a, by the use of suitable dies, shears, Vor other suitable cutting or trimming'device. To the curved end a and the side edges near the end of such blank is Vthen `welded a correspondiugly-curvedblank,

B, Fig. 2, the two being applied in welding, as illustrated in Fig. 4. This blank is formed of wrought iron by rolling or by rolling and hammering by preference i`n a straight bar, and it is then bent to the curved form shown by means ot' any suitable bending-machine or bycompression-dies. The end corners, b b, are beveled by shearing or by forging h y preference before bending, though it may be done after bending,

kindred purposesand are raised toa'weldingheat. They are then removed, and by theuse of any suitable compression or swaging dies the adjacent parts ofthe two are firmly welded. By this method ofre-enforcing the ends ofa bar to form the head or eye a continuous unbroken liberisobtained surroundingit in the direction of strain withoutweakening or distorting the lay of fiber in either end of barA or in blank YB. This I consider an important feature 0f construction, and it affords the ladditional advantages that the end ofthe bar or blankA is prevented from splitting, 'being banded and bound, as it were, by the blank B, and the full tensile strength of liberispreserved, especially at and about the base ofthe head, which ordinarily is especially subject to breakage, owing to distortion and displacement of liber at this point by methods of manufacture heretofore commonly practiced. Thepin-holea (indicated by dotted lines) is drilled or otherwise made, by preference in the end of blank A, back of thecenter of the head.

When an equal thickness is desired in both the head and bar or shalt the method of manufacture thus far described will afford very desirable results, both on account of strength secured and alsol on account of the cheapness in construction, as the steps described in making the bar do not require the aid of powerful and expensive machinery or a high grade of skill in the workmen. For certain classes ot' work, however, it is desirable to form a raised boss on one or both sides of the head or to make the head thicker than the shaft or bar. To do this I provide plate-blanks G, Fig. 3, of wroughtron, which are sheared or stamped approximately to the form of the exterior edge of blank B. ln applying the blanks C they are placed on one or both `faces ofthe head of the blankFig. 4, and in case a heavy bar is Worked it will be found convenient to secure the head are firmly united by Welding in the usual or any suitable Way of doing such Work. The pin-hole a may then be made as before described, andthe head be finished substantially in the formillustrated in Fig. 5, the clamps e of course being removed before Welding or Worked into the body of metal in Welding.

In shaping the blanks C they may be taken with the liber ruiming with or across that of the blank A, as may be preferred, and in forming'the complete head,Fg. 5, the blanks Av and B may be first welded and afterward the blank C be welded to the blank Fig. 4, as above described; or all the blanks may be put together and clamped or otherwise held while heated, and all Welded together by one operation. In either ease an excellent bar will be secured, which, owing to the direction and uninjured condition of fiber in and about the head, will possess a high degree of strength for the amount of metal employed, and also the method or operation of forming such head can be carried out cheaply and Wit-h comparativelysmall outlay for plant and skill.

form and. Welding the inner edge ofsuch blank to the end and side edges of the bar near its end, substantially as described, whereby the end of the bar is banded and surrounded by continuous metallic ber.

2. The improvement herein described in the art of making eye-bars, consisting in forming a rounded end, a, on a bar-blank, A, and itting and welding to the end and the side edges near the end of such blank a bent blank, B, having a U-shaped inner edge corresponding to the rounded end of the bar and an outer edge approximating in form the desired form of head, substantially as set forth.

3. The improvement herein described in the art of making eye-bars, consisting in Welding a bent blank, B, tothe end and the side edges near the end of a bar-blank, A, and Welding face-blanks C to one or both the side faces of the head formed by the blanks A B, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof' I have hereunto set my hand.

JosEPH H. sPRiNeER, sa.

Witnesses:

S HARVEY THOMPSON, (l. L. PARKER. 

